Quality

Methodology and verification

Reference-grade research compounds carry a per-batch certificate of analysis. The methodology below describes how every batch is tested before the certificate is signed.

Reverse-phase HPLC

Instrument: Agilent 1260 Infinity II quaternary system
Column: Phenomenex Kinetex C18, 2.6 µm, 4.6 × 150 mm
Mobile phase A: 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in water
Mobile phase B: 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in acetonitrile
Gradient: 5 → 65% B over 15 min, 1.0 mL/min, 40 °C
Detection: UV at 220 nm (peptide bond)
Injection volume: 10 µL of 1.0 mg/mL solution

Purity is reported as the integrated area of the main peak divided by the total integrated area of all peaks above the 0.05% area threshold. The reported value on every certificate of analysis is the value measured for that specific batch.

Identity and mass confirmation

Instrument: Bruker Compact ESI-Q-TOF
Ionization: Positive-mode electrospray
Acceptance: Observed monoisotopic mass within 5 ppm of theoretical

Every batch is confirmed by accurate-mass measurement before the HPLC purity run is finalized. The deconvoluted spectrum is archived with the certificate of analysis.

Counter-ion and water content

Counter-ion: Ion chromatography (Dionex ICS-1600), reported as % w/w
Water content: Karl Fischer coulometry, reported as % w/w

Lyophilized peptides ship as the acetate or trifluoroacetate salt. The mass of peptide free-base inside each vial is corrected for the measured counter-ion and water content and reported on the certificate of analysis.

Third-party verification

Independent lab: Anteris Bioanalytical Services (ISO 17025)
Sampling: One in five batches selected at random; all new compounds
Scope: Independent HPLC purity and accurate-mass identity

The third-party report is appended to the certificate of analysis when applicable. Compounds without third-party verification on the current batch are clearly labelled in-house verification only.

Synthesis and lyophilization

Synthesis: Standard Fmoc solid-phase synthesis on Rink amide resin
Cleavage: Reagent K with scavengers, ether precipitation
Purification: Preparative reverse-phase HPLC to ≥ 98% purity
Lyophilization: VirTis BenchTop Pro, 24 h primary drying at −40 °C

Final lyophilized powder is fill-finished in amber type-I borosilicate vials under nitrogen with butyl rubber stoppers and aluminium crimp seals.

For in-vitro research use only

All material on this site is supplied as a reference compound for in-vitro research. Compounds are not for human or veterinary consumption and are not approved for any therapeutic indication.